El Salvador’s pioneering embrace of cryptocurrency has taken another bold step, with President Nayib Bukele proposing a plan to rent out the country’s volcanoes for Bitcoin mining. The initiative aims to leverage El Salvador’s abundant geothermal energy, which is already powering its own mining operations. Since adopting Bitcoin as legal tender in 2021, the nation has positioned itself at the forefront of cryptocurrency innovation, combining digital finance with renewable energy.
The country’s current geothermal-powered Bitcoin mining facility, located near the Tecapa volcano, has generated approximately 474 Bitcoin (valued at $29 million) using clean energy sources. This operation, managed by a state-owned geothermal plant, employs 300 mining processors and utilizes 1.5 megawatts of energy—just a fraction of the plant’s 102-megawatt capacity. The potential scalability of this model has prompted discussions on how other volcanoes in the country could be similarly utilized.
President Bukele’s proposal highlights a strategy to monetize unused geothermal resources while addressing global concerns about the environmental footprint of cryptocurrency mining. The use of renewable energy is an essential component of this vision, positioning El Salvador as a global leader in sustainable digital asset practices. This is particularly significant given the scrutiny Bitcoin mining faces due to its traditionally high energy consumption and carbon emissions.
El Salvador has continued to expand its Bitcoin-related endeavors despite challenges. The legalization of Bitcoin as tender initially drew widespread criticism from international financial institutions, with concerns about economic volatility and potential misuse. The country’s strategy, however, has persisted, with daily Bitcoin purchases by the government adding to its growing reserves, now estimated at 5,750 BTC (approximately $354 million). The administration has framed this as a move toward economic sovereignty and technological advancement.
The economic viability of cryptocurrency mining, combined with geothermal energy, has prompted interest from both domestic stakeholders and international observers. Geothermal energy, a consistent and renewable power source, provides a distinct advantage, as it is less susceptible to the fluctuations seen in other renewable energy forms like solar or wind. For El Salvador, where over 20 volcanoes contribute to a substantial geothermal energy potential, this resource could become a cornerstone of its energy strategy.
As the government looks to scale its operations, the proposed renting of geothermal sites could attract private and international investments. By offering ready access to clean energy and potentially favorable regulatory conditions, the country is positioning itself as an attractive hub for crypto mining. This vision, however, is not without its risks. The volatility of Bitcoin prices and external regulatory pressures continue to pose challenges. Critics have also questioned the long-term benefits of prioritizing Bitcoin over broader economic reforms, especially in a country where poverty and economic disparity remain pressing concerns.
Despite these criticisms, President Bukele has doubled down on the Bitcoin agenda, reinforcing his commitment through policies and public declarations. The initiative is also gaining traction among his supporters, a key factor in his successful 2024 re-election campaign. For Bukele, Bitcoin is not merely a financial tool but a symbol of El Salvador’s innovation and resilience on the global stage.
